Turing machine

Turing demonstrated a simple machine that could theoretically solve any mathematically formulated problem, suggesting the existence of artificial intelligence. He proposed a test for AI, where a machine's indistinguishable conversation from a human's would demonstrate intelligence.
 Alan Mathison Turing England 1950 Turing machine

Turing demonstrated a simple machine that could theoretically solve any mathematically formulated problem, suggesting the existence of artificial intelligence. He proposed a test for AI, where a machine's indistinguishable conversation from a human's would demonstrate intelligence.